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We translate your shareholders’ agreement clause by clause, with the exact equivalence of mechanisms such as drag along, tag along or lock-up between legal systems. For startups with foreign investors, funds and joint ventures.
A shareholders’ agreement (SHA; in Spanish, pacto de socios) is the contract that a company’s shareholders sign to govern their relationship beyond what the bylaws say: how decisions are made, how shareholders enter or exit, what happens in a deadlock and how the investment is protected. Translating it calls for command of very specific mechanisms —drag along, tag along, lock-up, veto rights, anti-dilution or exit clauses— that do not always have a direct equivalent between Anglo-American common law and continental civil law, and resolving them rigorously. It is requested above all by startups with foreign investors, venture capital funds and joint ventures. It is a different document from the bylaws: the agreement is private between shareholders; the bylaws govern the company vis-à-vis third parties. We deliver it as a simple or sworn translation, depending on whether it needs official validity.
Drag-along, tag-along, pre-emption, right-of-first-refusal and exit clauses.
Veto rights, reinforced majorities, board composition, anti-dilution and investor protection.
Lock-up, non-compete, exclusivity, founder dedication and retention undertakings.
Dispute resolution, deadlock situations, arbitration clauses and governing law.
Translators specialised in corporate law who know the mechanisms of a shareholders’ agreement and their equivalences between common law and continental civil law. We review every drag-along, veto or exit clause before delivery, caring for consistency throughout the agreement. Personal attention from start to finish.
Select the language of the investor or shareholder and tell us the use of the agreement. English is the most common in deals with funds and startups; we also work with German, French and other combinations. If you don’t see yours, just ask.
We translate the complete shareholders’ agreement and the documents that usually accompany it in a funding round or a new shareholder’s entry, preserving definitions, cross-references between clauses and annexes, and keeping consistency throughout the text.
Drag-along, tag-along, pre-emption and right-of-first-refusal clauses.
Veto rights, reinforced majorities and composition of the governing body.
Founder lock-up, non-compete, exclusivity and dedication.
Anti-dilution protection, ratchet, valuation and equity adjustments.
Exit clauses, deadlock situations, arbitration and governing law.
Term sheet and the annexes of the funding round or the new shareholder’s entry.
The bylaws the agreement complements, with their corporate terminology.
The agreement within a corporate deal or an investment round.
They are different, complementary documents, and often both need translating. Knowing which is which avoids mistakes: the agreement is private and flexible; the bylaws are public and govern vis-à-vis third parties. We help you with both.
A private agreement that governs the relationship between shareholders and protects the investment. It is not enforceable against third parties, but it binds those who sign it. Precision in each clause comes first.
The company’s operating rules, registered with the Commercial Registry and enforceable against third parties. When they are registered or submitted to a body, a sworn translation is usually required.
A workflow with corporate-law judgment: analysis of the agreement, a glossary of mechanisms (drag along, tag along, veto…), clause-by-clause translation and a final review of cross-references and definitions. We confirm whether you need the sworn or simple option.
The agreement in Word or PDF; if it’s bilingual, tell us which language prevails.
NowWe confirm languages, the document’s use and whether it needs sworn or simple.
15 minCorporate terminology, equivalence between legal systems and a final review.
Depends on volumeIn whatever format you need; with the MAEC signature and seal if sworn.
GuaranteedThere is no single rate: every agreement is different. The price is calculated from these four factors, which is why it’s best for us to see the document before giving you a firm figure.
Send us these four details and we’ll reply with a price, a feasible turnaround and a recommended delivery format.
A shareholders’ agreement is usually translated as a simple translation, because it’s a private agreement between the shareholders. But when it must be submitted to a court, raised to a public deed before a notary or filed with a public authority with legal validity, a sworn translation is required, signed and sealed by an officially accredited sworn translator-interpreter. You can check accreditation by language in the official search tool of the Spanish Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
The general framework is governed, among other rules, by Royal Decree 724/2020 (BOE), which regulates the Language Interpreting Office and the role of the sworn translator. If your procedure is international, an apostille or legalisation may also be required depending on the country.
At Trayma we review the destination country and body with you before issuing the final version, to recommend the safest delivery format and avoid follow-up requests.
These are the shareholders’-agreement clauses and documents we translate most often. Most are simple translations; some, when they need official validity, are delivered sworn. If yours isn’t on the list, ask us.
We are right in the centre of Alicante, next to the train station, with easy access by public transport. In-person service by appointment and online processing throughout Spain.
Tell us which languages you need it in and what for (funding round, new shareholder, M&A). We’ll tell you whether it needs the sworn or simple option, the firm price and the turnaround, in full confidence and under NDA.
Attach your documents and we’ll send back a firm quote within 15 minutes, in full confidence. No obligation.
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